Cosmic Flatness

 The cosmos is geometrically a torus.

A torus can be transformed from a flat two dimensional figure: Morphing a “sheet of paper” into a torus - https://mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/42493/morphing-a-sheet-of-paper-into-a-torus

 


Another way is via conformal mapping: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/ConformalMapping.html

Under conformal mapping, a torus, which is a doughnut shaped figure can be transformed into sphere via series of conformal mappings: From a ring torus, to a horn torus, to a spindle torus and to a sphere 


More pictures on the torus here:


The circular motion has constant speed but continually changing velocity - https://web2.ph.utexas.edu/~coker2/index.files/radtan.htm

 


Analysis of circular motion: Connection with two dimensional motion

Further reading: Eternally Fractal: The Real Connection Between Tree Branches, Wrinkles, and Geometry - https://sixtyandme.com/eternally-fractal-the-real-connection-between-tree-branches-wrinkles-and-geometry/

 

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